Wireless Brain Sensor Could Unchain Science from Cables
Wireless brain sensors are detects the intracranial pressure, monitor the brain temperature and record brain signaling through the form of brain waves. Wireless brain sensors are mostly used for patients with conditions such as sleep disorders, Parkinson's disease, traumatic brain injury, dementia and other brain related conditions. These sensors assists in monitoring the neurological fluctuations and help to improve cognitive functionalities. These sensors operates wirelessly, and can be easily accessible through wireless connectivity with the help of smart phone, tablets or computers and making the device more cost-efficient.
An international team of scientists has used a wireless
& brain-spinal interface & to bypass spinal cord injuries in a pair of
rhesus macaques, restoring intentional walking movement to a temporarily
paralysed leg. The researchers, who describe their work in the journal Nature,
say this is the first time a neural prosthetic has been used to restore walking
movement directly to the legs of nonhuman primates.
Download PDF Brochure of Study Here
“The system we have developed uses signals recorded from the
motor cortex of the brain to trigger coordinated electrical stimulation of
nerves in the spine that are responsible for locomotion. With the system turned
on, the animals in our study had nearly normal locomotion,” said David Borton,
assistant professor of engineering at Brown. The work could help in developing
a similar system designed for humans who have had spinal cord injuries. “There
is evidence to suggest that a brain-controlled spinal stimulation system may
enhance rehabilitation after a spinal cord injury. This is a step toward
further testing that possibility,” Borton said.
The brain-spinal interface used a pill-sized electrode array
implanted in the brain to record signals from the motor cortex. The sensor
technology was developed in part for investigational use in humans by the
BrainGate collaboration, a research team that includes Brown, Case Western
Reserve University, Massachusetts General Hospital, the Providence VA Medical
Center, and Stanford University. A wireless neurosensor, developed in the
neuroengineering lab of Brown professor Arto Nurmikko by a team that included
Borton, sends the signals gathered by the brain chip wirelessly to a computer
that decodes them and sends them wirelessly back to an electrical spinal
stimulator implanted in the lumbar spine, below the area of injury. That
electrical stimulation, delivered in patterns coordinated by the decoded brain,
signals to the spinal nerves that control locomotion. To calibrate the decoding
of brain signals, the researchers implanted the brain sensor and wireless
transmitter in healthy macaques. The signals relayed by the sensor could then
be mapped onto the animals’ leg movements. They showed that the decoder was
able to accurately predict the brain states associated with extension and
flexion of leg muscles.
In 2013, Yin, Borton, and Nurmikko unveiled a related,
implantable wireless brain sensor with a different design. Whereas the new
head-mounted sensor is intended for research use by the wider brain science
community, Nurmikko said, the researchers hope that wireless brain sensor
technology will be useful in clinical research as well in the coming years.
Prominent companies operating in this research are EMOTIV Inc, Advanced Brain Monitoring, Inc., Muse, Neurosky, Neuroelectrics, Evolent Health, Inc., Neutronetrix Solutions, Hangzhou Zhongheng Electric, Deayea, NeuroTherapeutics, Melon.
References:
https://www.psypost.org/2014/12/wireless-brain-sensor-unchain-neuroscience-cables-29940
https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/others/sci-tech/wireless-brain-sensor-could-unchain-science-from-cables/articleshow/55420395.cms
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